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The Agony of Change - Bible Study at God's Message on the Web
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Welcome to the Bible Study section of God's Message on the Web. I will be presenting a Bible Study lesson
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Please keep it in the context of The Holy Bible. The only way to understand what God's Message is saying
is for you to know the Bible. Open your mind to God's Message. Back to Bible Study Home
each week. These lessons are from my personal notes or used by permission from licensing agreements to
redeliver orally and not for profit and I encourage you to look up the Bible passages. Make sure that you
read everything and make your own opinion about the Bible Study lesson that is being presented to you.
Please keep it in the context of The Holy Bible. The only way to understand what God's Message is saying
is for you to know the Bible. Open your mind to God's Message. Back to Bible Study Home
Download this Bible Study "The Agony of Change" in MP3 or PodCast format
TheAgonyOfChange.mp3 from God's Message on the Web
I almost named this series, "The Agony of Failed Expectations." Among us as a church, things are not at all
what we expected them to be. If fifty years ago people knew for a fact that the 2000's would begin with: (1)
more financial worth in buildings, parking lots, and property than we ever knew as a church in America, (2)
the best-trained men in the ministry that we as a church have ever had, and (3) the most projects we as an
American church have ever had, I wonder what anticipation and expectations those adult Christians would
have held? Whatever their anticipation and expectations, such would not reflect the reality of today in the
church.
Change always has been difficult for Christians! In every age those who dare to be Christians have some
among them who are certain: (1) they understand, and (2) they have collected everything that is true. They
are so certain of this that they will either confront or attack anyone or anything that is not in total agreement
with their conclusions. The result is that they often fight against the Bible to defend what they are certain
are Bible teachings. The irony: such Christians oppose the Bible to defend the truth of the Bible.
In every generation, human expectations demand conformity to those expectations. When Christians think
they have found and understood all truth, they confront a major temptation. That temptation arises if they
decide to tell others, "You do not need to understand scripture. You just need to accept and believe what
you are told. Our understanding is correct and needs nothing other than what we know."
I. We need to begin with some basic understandings that are critical to grasping what happened in the
period of the New Testament when the church was born and spread.
A. Understanding one: The Jewish people including Jewish Christians thought they had God correctly
"figured out."
1. They were certain they had "changed enough" just by understanding that God sent Jesus to be their
Christ.
2. To understand that God sent Jesus to be Savior of the world, not just the redeemer of Israel, was a
huge transition in Jewish thinking!
3. The Jewish people had known the Living God since the lifetime of Abraham.
a. Certainly, there were times when they failed God terribly.
b. But even in bad times, they knew God existed.
c. After all, they always had the scriptures.
d. From Solomon's time they had the temple.
e. The prophets arose from them and most of the prophets spoke to them.
f. From the beginning of their existence as a nation, God gave them His law.
g. God had never given anyone what He gave them!
h. They, and they alone, were God's people!
i. Nobody knew God like they knew God!
B. Understanding two: Jews thought gentiles had no understanding and no access to God.
1. The Jewish people considered any person or people who were not Jewish to be gentile.
2. A person could become a part of the nation of Israel in two ways.
a. The person could be born of a Jewish mother (Acts 16:1-3).
b. The person could be a proselyte [convert] to Judaism [the Jewish religion] (Acts 2:10).
i. This person learned Jewish ways, traditions, and morals.
ii. This person, after lengthy indoctrination, went through a conversion process.
3. Most people who were gentiles grew up in families who worshipped idols.
a. Almost all of the world known to these people was idolatrous.
b. They commonly had moral values that were quite different than Jewish people.
c. They commonly lived and acted quite differently than Jewish people.
4. Jewish Christians did not oppose gentiles being converted to Christ--they just opposed gentiles
becoming Christians before they became Jewish proselytes.
a. It was essential that gentiles learn Jewish ways of doing things.
b. It was essential to get those idolatrous ways out of them before they entered the church.
c. If a person did not know how to do things the ways Jewish people did them, he or she did not know
how to belong to God.
d. It was necessary to get all the idolatry out of them before you could put Christ in them.
C. Understanding three: devout Jews and gentiles were radically different.
1. They had almost nothing in common.
2. Jews had scriptures they studied in synagogues; most gentiles had no scripture in any form.
3. Jews worshipped in the temple of the Living God; most gentiles worshipped numerous gods in pagan
temples or in private settings.
4. Jews morally were not to steal; many gentiles could steal and be moral.
5. Jews morally were not to get drunk; many gentiles could get drunk and still be moral.
6. There commonly was a striking difference in the lifestyle of a devout Jew and a gentile--their worlds
and lives were quite different.
II. If you think I am exaggerating Jewish Christians' rejection of gentiles, consider the reaction to Peter's
visit to and baptism of Cornelius in Acts 10.
A. The most desirable gentile (to the Jews) was a "god-fearer" gentile.
1. This gentile knew and respected the Living God of the Jews as unique.
2. This gentile also respected Jews and Jewish ways.
3. This gentile had adopted Jewish ways religiously--the primary thing he lacked in becoming a
proselyte was circumcision.
B. Cornelius was a "god-fearer." (Acts 10:1-2)
1. He helped Jewish people in need.
2. He prayed to the God of the Jews continually.
3. Indication is that he prayed at the Jewish times of public prayer.
4. He influenced his family and servants to know and worship God.
5. Luke called him a "devout" man.
C. The amount of "convincing" it took to get Peter to accept his visit to a gentile is amazing!
1. First, Cornelius spoke to an angel and received a message just for him. (Acts 10:3-6)
a. He understood the message was from God.
b. He was told his prayers and charitable acts were a memorial to God.
c. He was told to send for Peter.
d. He was told where Peter was.
e. He immediately sent two household servants and a loyal soldier to Peter.
2. Second, before Cornelius' commissioned men arrived the next day, Peter had a dream just before noon
when he was hungry.
a. A sheet was lowered to Peter filled with unclean creatures. (Acts 10:9-16; Leviticus 11)
b. Peter was instructed to kill and eat some of the creatures.
c. He refused saying he had never eaten a forbidden creature.
d. This happened three times.
3. Third, Peter awoke from his trance just as the men arrived. (Acts 10:17-23)
a. Peter was thoroughly confused by his dream.
b. The men asked if Peter was there.
c. The Spirit told Peter to go with the men in full confidence because "I have sent them."
d. When Peter asked the men why they were there, the men told him about the kind, Jew-approved
Cornelius and the instructions of the holy angel.
D. The next day Peter accompanied the men to Cornelius.
1. He found Cornelius, Cornelius' family, and Cornelius' friends waiting for Peter to come.
2. He understood something he never understood before.
"Opening his mouth, Peter said: “I most certainly understand now that God is not one to show partiality,
but in every nation the man who fears Him and does what is right is welcome to Him" (Acts 10:34, 35).
a. Until that moment, Peter did not fully understand why he was sent to Cornelius!
b. Understanding that God wanted to save all people--including non-Jewish people--was a major insight!
3. The Holy Spirit fell on his audience.
4. He baptized them.
III. Now I ask you to pay careful attention to the reaction of the Jewish Christian community to Peter's
visit to Cornelius. The reaction is found in Acts 11:1-18.
A. The information of what Peter did got back to Jerusalem to the apostles and brethren before Peter
did.
1. "Those who were of the circumcision" would be Jews [remember that author is a gentile writing to a
gentile].
2. They "took issue" with Peter's decision and actions.
a. More is at stake than just Cornelius' acts of conversion.
b. Peter did things with gentiles that no devout Jew could or should do--he went into their house and ate
with them.
3. He told of his vision, and those Jewish Christians were not touched.
4. He told of his heavenly instructions, and those Jewish Christians were not touched.
5. He told of the message of the Spirit, and those Jewish Christians were not touched.
6. He told of the men's message, and those Jewish Christians were not touched.
7. Only when they heard about the falling of the Spirit on those gentiles did the Jewish Christians quiet
down.
B. Consider:
1. Before this incident, Peter was the most popular Christian in Jerusalem--he was the important
Christian, a man of significant status in the Christian community!
2. Cornelius did not worship idols!
a. He knew and respected God!
b. He was kind and helpful to the Jewish people!
c. He was, by their standards, a good man--a choice prospect for conversion!
d. But he was a gentile, not a proselyte--therefore he was unacceptable!
3. Note that both of these men were prominent--this incident did not involve a couple of nobodies who
were doing something silly!
We would be tempted to think this was the end of the matter, but it was not. As we shall see in coming
lessons, this was a major problem in the early church.
When people are so certain they understand absolutely all of God's expectations, it is hard for them to learn
anything different--even when God Himself tells them.
Download this Bible Study "The Agony of Change" in MP3 or PodCast format
TheAgonyOfChange.mp3 from God's Message on the Web
Used with permission from David Chadwell, West-Ark Church of Christ
Visit God's Message Blog to comment on this Bible Study Lesson
http://godsmessageontheweb.blogspot.com/2007/09/agony-of-change.html
Last updated on November 2nd 2007 God's Message on the Web
TheAgonyOfChange.mp3 from God's Message on the Web
I almost named this series, "The Agony of Failed Expectations." Among us as a church, things are not at all
what we expected them to be. If fifty years ago people knew for a fact that the 2000's would begin with: (1)
more financial worth in buildings, parking lots, and property than we ever knew as a church in America, (2)
the best-trained men in the ministry that we as a church have ever had, and (3) the most projects we as an
American church have ever had, I wonder what anticipation and expectations those adult Christians would
have held? Whatever their anticipation and expectations, such would not reflect the reality of today in the
church.
Change always has been difficult for Christians! In every age those who dare to be Christians have some
among them who are certain: (1) they understand, and (2) they have collected everything that is true. They
are so certain of this that they will either confront or attack anyone or anything that is not in total agreement
with their conclusions. The result is that they often fight against the Bible to defend what they are certain
are Bible teachings. The irony: such Christians oppose the Bible to defend the truth of the Bible.
In every generation, human expectations demand conformity to those expectations. When Christians think
they have found and understood all truth, they confront a major temptation. That temptation arises if they
decide to tell others, "You do not need to understand scripture. You just need to accept and believe what
you are told. Our understanding is correct and needs nothing other than what we know."
I. We need to begin with some basic understandings that are critical to grasping what happened in the
period of the New Testament when the church was born and spread.
A. Understanding one: The Jewish people including Jewish Christians thought they had God correctly
"figured out."
1. They were certain they had "changed enough" just by understanding that God sent Jesus to be their
Christ.
2. To understand that God sent Jesus to be Savior of the world, not just the redeemer of Israel, was a
huge transition in Jewish thinking!
3. The Jewish people had known the Living God since the lifetime of Abraham.
a. Certainly, there were times when they failed God terribly.
b. But even in bad times, they knew God existed.
c. After all, they always had the scriptures.
d. From Solomon's time they had the temple.
e. The prophets arose from them and most of the prophets spoke to them.
f. From the beginning of their existence as a nation, God gave them His law.
g. God had never given anyone what He gave them!
h. They, and they alone, were God's people!
i. Nobody knew God like they knew God!
B. Understanding two: Jews thought gentiles had no understanding and no access to God.
1. The Jewish people considered any person or people who were not Jewish to be gentile.
2. A person could become a part of the nation of Israel in two ways.
a. The person could be born of a Jewish mother (Acts 16:1-3).
b. The person could be a proselyte [convert] to Judaism [the Jewish religion] (Acts 2:10).
i. This person learned Jewish ways, traditions, and morals.
ii. This person, after lengthy indoctrination, went through a conversion process.
3. Most people who were gentiles grew up in families who worshipped idols.
a. Almost all of the world known to these people was idolatrous.
b. They commonly had moral values that were quite different than Jewish people.
c. They commonly lived and acted quite differently than Jewish people.
4. Jewish Christians did not oppose gentiles being converted to Christ--they just opposed gentiles
becoming Christians before they became Jewish proselytes.
a. It was essential that gentiles learn Jewish ways of doing things.
b. It was essential to get those idolatrous ways out of them before they entered the church.
c. If a person did not know how to do things the ways Jewish people did them, he or she did not know
how to belong to God.
d. It was necessary to get all the idolatry out of them before you could put Christ in them.
C. Understanding three: devout Jews and gentiles were radically different.
1. They had almost nothing in common.
2. Jews had scriptures they studied in synagogues; most gentiles had no scripture in any form.
3. Jews worshipped in the temple of the Living God; most gentiles worshipped numerous gods in pagan
temples or in private settings.
4. Jews morally were not to steal; many gentiles could steal and be moral.
5. Jews morally were not to get drunk; many gentiles could get drunk and still be moral.
6. There commonly was a striking difference in the lifestyle of a devout Jew and a gentile--their worlds
and lives were quite different.
II. If you think I am exaggerating Jewish Christians' rejection of gentiles, consider the reaction to Peter's
visit to and baptism of Cornelius in Acts 10.
A. The most desirable gentile (to the Jews) was a "god-fearer" gentile.
1. This gentile knew and respected the Living God of the Jews as unique.
2. This gentile also respected Jews and Jewish ways.
3. This gentile had adopted Jewish ways religiously--the primary thing he lacked in becoming a
proselyte was circumcision.
B. Cornelius was a "god-fearer." (Acts 10:1-2)
1. He helped Jewish people in need.
2. He prayed to the God of the Jews continually.
3. Indication is that he prayed at the Jewish times of public prayer.
4. He influenced his family and servants to know and worship God.
5. Luke called him a "devout" man.
C. The amount of "convincing" it took to get Peter to accept his visit to a gentile is amazing!
1. First, Cornelius spoke to an angel and received a message just for him. (Acts 10:3-6)
a. He understood the message was from God.
b. He was told his prayers and charitable acts were a memorial to God.
c. He was told to send for Peter.
d. He was told where Peter was.
e. He immediately sent two household servants and a loyal soldier to Peter.
2. Second, before Cornelius' commissioned men arrived the next day, Peter had a dream just before noon
when he was hungry.
a. A sheet was lowered to Peter filled with unclean creatures. (Acts 10:9-16; Leviticus 11)
b. Peter was instructed to kill and eat some of the creatures.
c. He refused saying he had never eaten a forbidden creature.
d. This happened three times.
3. Third, Peter awoke from his trance just as the men arrived. (Acts 10:17-23)
a. Peter was thoroughly confused by his dream.
b. The men asked if Peter was there.
c. The Spirit told Peter to go with the men in full confidence because "I have sent them."
d. When Peter asked the men why they were there, the men told him about the kind, Jew-approved
Cornelius and the instructions of the holy angel.
D. The next day Peter accompanied the men to Cornelius.
1. He found Cornelius, Cornelius' family, and Cornelius' friends waiting for Peter to come.
2. He understood something he never understood before.
"Opening his mouth, Peter said: “I most certainly understand now that God is not one to show partiality,
but in every nation the man who fears Him and does what is right is welcome to Him" (Acts 10:34, 35).
a. Until that moment, Peter did not fully understand why he was sent to Cornelius!
b. Understanding that God wanted to save all people--including non-Jewish people--was a major insight!
3. The Holy Spirit fell on his audience.
4. He baptized them.
III. Now I ask you to pay careful attention to the reaction of the Jewish Christian community to Peter's
visit to Cornelius. The reaction is found in Acts 11:1-18.
A. The information of what Peter did got back to Jerusalem to the apostles and brethren before Peter
did.
1. "Those who were of the circumcision" would be Jews [remember that author is a gentile writing to a
gentile].
2. They "took issue" with Peter's decision and actions.
a. More is at stake than just Cornelius' acts of conversion.
b. Peter did things with gentiles that no devout Jew could or should do--he went into their house and ate
with them.
3. He told of his vision, and those Jewish Christians were not touched.
4. He told of his heavenly instructions, and those Jewish Christians were not touched.
5. He told of the message of the Spirit, and those Jewish Christians were not touched.
6. He told of the men's message, and those Jewish Christians were not touched.
7. Only when they heard about the falling of the Spirit on those gentiles did the Jewish Christians quiet
down.
B. Consider:
1. Before this incident, Peter was the most popular Christian in Jerusalem--he was the important
Christian, a man of significant status in the Christian community!
2. Cornelius did not worship idols!
a. He knew and respected God!
b. He was kind and helpful to the Jewish people!
c. He was, by their standards, a good man--a choice prospect for conversion!
d. But he was a gentile, not a proselyte--therefore he was unacceptable!
3. Note that both of these men were prominent--this incident did not involve a couple of nobodies who
were doing something silly!
We would be tempted to think this was the end of the matter, but it was not. As we shall see in coming
lessons, this was a major problem in the early church.
When people are so certain they understand absolutely all of God's expectations, it is hard for them to learn
anything different--even when God Himself tells them.
Download this Bible Study "The Agony of Change" in MP3 or PodCast format
TheAgonyOfChange.mp3 from God's Message on the Web
Used with permission from David Chadwell, West-Ark Church of Christ
Visit God's Message Blog to comment on this Bible Study Lesson
http://godsmessageontheweb.blogspot.com/2007/09/agony-of-change.html
Last updated on November 2nd 2007 God's Message on the Web
